Although we have shared many articles about Micro LED technology before, what exactly is Micro LED? We will publish a series of articles on five main topics: chip manufacturing, substrate manufacturing, large-scale transfer, inspection and repair, and module packaging, to provide you with a detailed introduction to what Micro LEDs are. As the beginning of this article, we will focus on the chip manufacturing of Micro LEDs.

Overview of Micro LED Technology

Micro-LED， Micro light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are a new type of display technology that utilizes tiny LEDs as display units. Unlike traditional LCD and OLED displays, Micro LED displays are composed of millions of tiny LEDs, each of which can independently emit light and have the advantages of high brightness, high contrast, high color saturation, and fast response time.

Challenges and Technical Points in Chip Manufacturing

The challenges in Micro LED chip manufacturing mainly focus on the following aspects:

1. The Challenge of Chip Yield

With the miniaturization of Micro LED chips, the complexity of semiconductor manufacturing processes has significantly increased, making yield of single station processes a key indicator for measuring production efficiency and product quality. Although the current yield control mainly focuses on individual wafers, and the highest yield rate can reach 99.9%, this single indicator is not sufficient to fully reflect the actual quality and reliability of the chip.

2. The challenge of luminous efficiency

As the size decreases, the luminous efficiency of Micro LEDs sharply decreases at high current densities. Research has shown that small "sidewall" defects in the geometric structure of the chip are related. For Micro LEDs, even small 2 μ m sidewall defects can cause destructive effects. Therefore, how to reduce sidewall damage or effectively repair the sidewall presents new challenges for the processing technology of Micro LED chips.

3. The Challenge of Spectral Separation

In order to ensure consistency in brightness and chromaticity, LED products need to undergo spectral and color separation. After the miniaturization of Micro LED chips, traditional measurement equipment is no longer applicable, posing new challenges to the spectral and color separation of Micro LED chips. This requires the development of new measurement technologies and methods to adapt to the miniaturization characteristics of Micro LEDs.

The miniaturization of Micro LED chips has brought a series of challenges to the manufacturing process, from the process difficulty of chip yield to the challenges of luminous efficiency and color separation. Each link requires technological innovation and fine process control. Despite facing many challenges, with the continuous development and breakthroughs of technology, Micro LED display technology is expected to shine in the future display field. In the upcoming series of articles, we will continue to delve into other core themes of Micro LEDs. Stay tuned.